• Production Animal Clinical Science
• Small Animal Medicine
• Equine Medicine
• Obstetrics
• Reproduction
• Clinical chemistry and other diagnostic aids
• Laboratory Animal Science
• Pathology (but first tested at the examination after the 8th semester)
• Treatment

The purpose of the ¿Introduction to diagnostic work¿ is for students to be knowledge and skill wise prepared for the clinical rotation in production animal, equine and small animal medicine in 8th and 9th semester. The goal is that the teaching should contribute to the integration between the preclinical and clinical part of the programme and that it has provided students with inspiration and desire to further clinical work. Although pathology is taught in the 7th semester, it will first be tested at the examination of pathology in the 8th semester. The student must, however, possess relevant knowledge of pathogenesis and pathoanatomy to understand the subject ¿Introduction to diagnostic work¿.

The block forms the basis so that the student after completing the course will master the following «Day one skills» by EAEVE: 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, 2.9, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20

After completion of the courses, the students should:

Learning objectives

Students should

• Know the most common anomalies, disorders and diseases of the various organ systems that are included in the subjects being taught in the 7th semester.
• Acquire sufficient knowledge to be well positioned when it comes to undertake patient assessment in the clinic, ie able to know about the causes, prevention, investigate further, monitor and treat individual animals that have been reviewed in the themes of 6th and 7th semester.
• Know (to the extent that the subjects are reviewed in 6th and 7th semester) sufficiently about stock medicine to participate actively in stock findings.
• knowledge about zoonoses so that students can protect themselves and others in the clinic.

Skills (There will be asked theory questions from these topics):

• Be able to handle experimental animals.
• Be able to record anamnesis, conduct a physical examination and be familiar with the main points in a problem-oriented patient evaluation.
• Be able to handle sick and healthy animals.
• Be able to perform simple sampling, bandaging and suturing.
• Be able to remove horseshoes and be familiar with the crop of hooves.
• Be able to perform a gynecological examination of cows and a single heat control in bitch.
• Take out a semen sample and evaluate the semen quality.
• Know the principles of adequate treatment at birth difficulties with our most usual domestic animals.

General competence:

• Have learned to collaborate through colloquiums and group work, and be able to present the academic material both in writing and oral.
• Have an ethical awareness of the housing conditions of experimental animals.

The teaching is based on organ systems of living and dead animals. This takes place as theme modules consisting of lectures, problem solving in groups, demonstrations and reviews. The approach is a problem-oriented patient evaluation.

In rotations, students are divided into 6 groups. Students will get demonstrations and training in clinical examination as well as other basic skills on living animals, and performed autopsies on animals, and microscopy of tissue sections. Students have rotations at the pathologist (9 mornings), production animal clinics (6 mornings), horse clinic (2 mornings), experimental animal unit (3 mornings), stock medicine (5 mornings).

Laboratory Animal Rotation provides an introduction to the work at a laboratory animal facility and maintenance of laboratory animals. It also provides a brief description of the principles of anesthesia and analgesia. Emphasis is placed on legislations and ethical handling of animals.

The course in preventive health care has the herd as an approach. It is given an introduction to epidemiological principles of disease surveillance, organized health plans, policies and procedures for disease prevention in problem herds.

Core literature for propaedeutic course, 6th and 7th semester:

Torleiv Løken¿s «Klinisk diagnostikk hos produksjonsdyr». This must be mastered and similar facts for small animals and horses must also be mastered.

Otherwise it is recommended to start reading the recommended literature, but these works are also intended to be read in 8th, 9th and possibly in the differentiation year while learning by meeting cases and issues in the clinic.

We recommend that you read the distributed lecture notes and that you follow the emphasis in the teaching in the 6th and 7th semester and read about the various topics in relation to this.

Rotation the first 6 weeks at ProdMed (medicine, reproduction, preventive health care), SportFaMed, pathologist, laboratory animal department. Reproduction the whole day. Pathology rotation before lunch for 1/6 of the year group.

This instruction is mandatory and must be taken again in case of absence. Generally it is accepted with one day valid absences for the compulsory teaching which runs over a week before substitute teaching must be taken. For pathology it is accepted with until 2 days valid absences for the 7th and 8th semester together. Wherever possible, repetition of absence shall be agreed with the module manager. If this is not possible it must be taken the following year. The exam can be taken, but the grade will not be valid until all mandatory teaching is completed. Head of Department must submit lists of students who lack compulsory teaching to the SFA no later than the day before the exam.

Short answer tasks and multiple-choice questions Examination support material: None Grading scale: Pass / Fail

Examination will ensure a certain factual foundation before the clinical work at production animals, small animals and horses. Examinations may contain questions from topics of 6th semester and preparatory course. The examination will be assessed as a "pass" if one has the right answers to 60% of the tasks. Application and deeper understanding is tested in the clinical examinations (9th (10th) semester).

Pathology is taught in 7th semester and tested at the end of 8th semester.

Requirements for personal equipment

Work clothes and protective footwear. Stethoscope and scissors.

HMS

First aid kit is available in the clinics. Fire Training is provided in the clinics. Students are encouraged to wear gloves when handling medications and other risk materials, allergens and when handling animals suspected to be suffering from a zoonosis. There are separate infection locks by the entrance to the clinics for production animal medicine and the section of pathology. Overalls, gloves and boots are available by the infection locks.

Students who are pregnant or have compromised immune systems are encouraged to contact the responsible for the education in advance of all the clinical courses.

Rotation Pathology:

At the section hall, HMS training is divided in 2 parts. First a briefing with HMS rules that the students must read and sign. This is supplemented with information and pictures illustrating the procedures. The second part consists of information at the audience on how to implement infection control practices.

Rotation in the clinics:

Students cannot have been abroad for the last 72 hours before the clinic teaching in production animal medicine.

See the ¿Rules for handling large production animals and horses at NMBU Veterinary school ¿ and ¿Basic Policy regarding the handling of animals¿. ProdMed are not allowing more than 6 students each group when handling large animals. 

Clinic: Clinic Procedures are reviewed orally at the first visit. Production Animal Medicine has prepared a briefing on hygiene and safety of ProdMed¿s clinical activities. Excerpts are handed out.

Reproduction: Gloves are used when examining organs from the slaughterhouses. Gloves are also used upon examination of animals, and gloves shall be changed for each animal. 

Rotation Equine Clinic

Introduction to clinical procedures are reviewed orally. Students acknowledge that they have received this training.

The laboratory animal unit

Renewed international accreditation by AAALAC. This sets very stringent requirements for HMS training and procedures at the department.

Quarantine: The section has its own quarantine rules that state that if one has been in contact with animals abroad in the past three days or in contact with rodents, rabbits or production animals in Norway over the past two days, one will not gain access to the department. Allergen Information is given to the students.