• Medical disorders in production animals
• Surgical diseases in production animals
• Obstetric disorders, puerperium disorders and diseases in new born animals in production animals
• Obstetrics in horses
• Reproduction in production animals, dogs, cats and horses
• Ambulatory activities on production animals and horses
• Herd health (production animals)
• Poultry Medicine
• Field work in Sandnes in sheep diseases and livestock medicine

Provide students with theoretical knowledge and clinical skills in disease development, diagnosis, treatment and preventive health care in production animals, including poultry. The subject also includes reproduction in horses and small animals.

The block forms the basis so that the student after completing the course will master the following «Day One Skills» by EAEVE: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.1, 1.12, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20

After completing the course the student should:

• Show respect for animals and humans and have an understanding of owners' relationships with the animals.

• Be familiar with animals' welfare needs.

• Emphasize economic considerations.

• Work independently.

• Communicate and collaborate with animal owners and colleagues and other professionals.

• Gather and assess expert information.

• Know their professional limitations and seek help when needed.

• Render knowledge of important diseases, diagnostic tools and treatment methods in common species.

• Adopt anamnesis and obtain relevant information about the livestock.

• Handle animals in a safe manner.

• Perform clinical examination and evaluate findings.

• Take out relevant tests and interpret test results.  

• Set up a relevant list of differential diagnoses and diagnostic.

• Assess prognosis.

• Carry out or suggest treatment.

• Provide emergency assistance, including obstetrics.

• Assess the need for and apply principles of herd health management.

• Suggest preventive herd health measures for production animals.

• Write detailed journals, reports and certificates that meet applicable regulations.

• Implement practical hygiene- and biosecurity measures.

• Be aware of the importance of food safety in the food chain.

• Prevent zoonoses.

The teaching in 8th and 9th semester is based on lectures in 7th semester (poultry in 6th semester). Rotation Teaching in small groups at ProdMed's clinics and ambulatory activity in 8th and 9th semester (5 weeks in 8th semester and 4 weeks in the 9th semester per student). Field work in Sandnes in sheep diseases and livestock medicine in 6th semester (1 week). Weekend and night shifts at ProdMed's clinics and ambulatory services.

Medicine/Surgery 

Instruction provided on the  clinic includes internal medicine and surgical disorders in cattle, small ruminants and pigs. Each student is a total of 3 weeks at this clinic in  8th and 9th semester, in addition to one week (half day) i the 7th semester. Students will be given patients who they will examine and treat, and under guidance they will even perform surgeries on animals. 

Obstetrics

The subject is teached in the ambulatory clinic, and to some extent in the medicine/surgery clinic. It will, as far as practicable implement, also be offered caesarean section on ewe. Students will be extracted from the other rotations.

Reproduction 

Teaching includes reproductive physiology, gynecology, andrology nad reproductive endocrinology. Instruction is provided partly at the department's stationary clinics and partly on livestock visits. Each student is a total of 2 weeks at this clinic (1 +1 in respectively 8th and 9th semester). In this clinic, the reproduction of horses, dogs and cats, in addition to cows, sheep and pigs, will be covered. 

Ambulatory Activity

The ambulatory clinic serves livestock farms in 7 municipalities  nearby Oslo in addition to NMBUs herds at Ås. Students receive training in ambulatory practice  and herd health management. The course lasts for three weeks in 8th and 9th semester.

Herd health

Teaching takes place in the form of herd visits (dairy and swine) and preparation, followed by the submission of a written report. Teaching lasts for 1 week per student and takes place during the 8th semester, plus 1/2 day on small ruminants in the 9. semester.

Poultry Medicine

Instruction is provided in the form of lectures in the 6th semester and 1 day in livestock medicine in 8th semester. The autopsy in poultry in the mixed clinical rotation in 8th semester is mandatory. Students are responsible for making sure to contact the course coordinator so that it is possible to re-take this during the current semester. Otherwise, it must be retaken the next year. The student will not get a valid grade in this subject until the autopsy is taken.

Sheep Diseases and Livestock Medicine

Teaching  takes place in PropMeds Sheep Section in 6th semester in Sandnes. In addition to teaching using the section's own sheep flock and pathological diagnosis of incoming material, lectures, seminars and livestock visits to sheep herds are also provided. It is night shifts. 

Propeadeutic Course and Introduction to Diagnostic Work and Pathology

See 6th and 7th semester. Themes from this teaching will also be examined at the clinical examination in 9th semester.

Courses and clinical service is mandatory. Weekend and night shifts are mandatory. For the clinical rotation a maximum of one day of valid, documented abscense is allowed. All abscene during the weekend and night shifts must be retaken. 

Poultry autopsy in the mixed clinical rotation: see the rules under poultry medicine.

Programme Requirements:

Students must pass each clinical period and ensure that documentation is completed. Regulations and forms are found in the document: "Clinical Validation 8th and 9th semester. To pass the clinical period, the student must have been sufficiently present and shown to possess widely acceptable professional and ethical standards. Notice from the doctor must be handed to the study department in order to have documented abscense.  Students who have not passed the clinical period will not be allowed to take the exam.

The form that document presence is delivered in Canvas. Students who have not passed the clinical period will not be allowed to take the exam.

Practical / oral examination in Production Animal Clinical Science: The exam consist of a clinical examination and an oral examination. Two  examination stations are used; candidates have a clinical exam either in the field of medicine /surgery or reproduction/ obstetrics and a theory examination in the second field or in herd health/ livestock medicine or  poultry medicine. Groups of up to 8 students are examined on one day. The examination is individual. An overall grade is given for the entire exam. If the average grade is not a whole grade, the grade in the clinical examination shall count most. A fail in the first part will cause the student to be disqualified from taking the second part of the examination. 

Requirements for personal equipment:

Work clothes,  stethoscope and scissors.

HMS and biosecurity:

Quarantine:  Contact the staff/ head of clinic in advance. General guidelines: If students have been in contact with livestock abroad, they must wait minimum 48 hours before they have access to the production animal clinics or other livestock, and minimum 72 hours if they have been in countries with severe contagious diseases. There are additional guidelines for prevention of MRSA/ LA-MRSA.

There are separate infection control sluices by the entrance to the clinics. Overalls, gloves and boots are available by the infection locks and at the visits to livestock.  Students are encouraged to wear gloves when handling medications and other risk materials, allergens and when handling animals suspected of being infected by a zoonosis.

"Rules for handling large production animals and horses at NMBU Veterinary university" and "Basic rules regarding handling of animals" are avialable at Canvas. A first aid kit is available. Fire Training is provided in the clinics.

Medical/ Surgical Clinic: Clinic Procedures are discussed orally at the first visit (see Canvas). 

Reproduction: Gloves are used when examining organs from slaughterhouses. Gloves are used in the examination of animals and one must change gloves for each animal.

The Ambulatory clinic has created its own safety procedures (see Canvas). These are reviewed orally at the beginning of 8th semester.

The Section of Sheep Diseases have prepared a document on protection against the spreading of infection. Procedures for the various activities are posted on the wall in any room that students congregate. Students are not given permission to use the autopsy saw. Students are given thorough training in fire drill upon arrival and must sign that they know the escape routes in case of fire. Students who are pregnant must contact the section on arrival. They are given a customized program, so that the risk of coming into contact with dangerous material that could cause miscarriage, such as Listeria and Toxoplasmosis, is minimized.

Absence:

A maximum of one day of valid and documented absences per week is allowed. It is not possible to accumulate days. Valid absences beyond this must be re-taken in accordance with the Head of Section's instructions / Head of clinic.

The reason is that this is skill training necessary for professional practice.

Students will not be able to take the exam until the missing time in the clinics is re-taken.