About this course

Parameter Estimation Using the Least Squares Method is in geomatics commonly referred to as "least squares adjustment".

Optimal estimation and quality assurance of parameters (such as coordinates) are essential tools that students use in subsequent courses in e.g. land surveying, geodesy, photogrammetry, remote sensing, and GIS.

In addition to estimation using the least squares method, the course covers methods for detecting errors in observations and given quantities, as well as quantifying integrity through calculated reliability measures.

The last part of the course covers sequential adjustment and Kalman filter.

Learning outcome

Master parameter estimation and propagation of errors. Have knowledge of and ability to carry out outlier detection and reliability analyses, sequential adjustment and Kalman filtering. Have knowledge of robust estimation, conditional adjustment and parameter adjustment with conditions.

  • Learning activities

    Lectures and exercises.

    The exercises are considered important for the acquisition of theory and are given great emphasis.

  • Teaching support

    Teaching support will be given primarily in connection with that part of the structured teaching that is set aside for exercise guidance. It will also be possible to communicate directly with the course teacher by appointment during office hours.

  • Syllabus

    Ghilani, C.D., Adjustment computations - Spatial data analysis, Sixth edition, Wiley,

    ISBN 9781119385981

    Supplementary literature in the form of lecture notes and articles (made available on the course website).

  • Prerequisites

    MATH122 (linear algebra part) or MATH131, STAT100 or DAT110

  • Recommended prerequisites

    GMLM102, GMGD200

  • Assessment method

    Final written examination of 3.5 hours. Grading scale A-F.

    One written exam Karakterregel: Letter grades Hjelpemiddel: C1 All types of calculators, other aids as specified

  • About use of AI

  • Examiner scheme

    The external and internal examiner jointly prepare the exam questions and the correction manual. The external examiner reviews the internal examiner's examination results by correcting a random sample of candidates exams as a calibration according to the Facultyt's guidelines for examination markings.

  • Mandatory activity

    Compulsory exercises.

    Students who for various reasons retake the course, must complete and have the compulsory exercises approved again (i.e. previous approvals are no longer valid).

  • Teaching hours

    Lectures: 52 hours. Exercises: 52 hours.

  • Admission requirements

    Special requirements in Science

    Student courses MATH122 (linear algebra part) or MATH131, STAT100 or DAT110 (or equivalents).